The Canine Stress-Voiding Cycle: How Behavioral Indicators of Distress in Waiting Rooms Predict Subclinical Urinary Abnormalities in Domestic Dogs ( Canis familiaris )
Fear-free practice, urinary cortisol, subclinical cystitis, waiting room welfare, canine stress ethogram 1. Introduction Veterinary medicine has historically separated “behavior problems” (e.g., fear urination) from “medical problems” (e.g., idiopathic cystitis). Yet, the neuroendocrine stress axis (HPA axis) directly affects the bladder via sympathetic activation and detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia. In cats, stress is a known trigger for feline interstitial cystitis (FIC), but in dogs, stress-induced urinary changes are rarely quantified. Zooskool- Www.rarevideofree.com - 79
We conducted a prospective observational study of 120 client-owned dogs presenting for annual wellness exams. Behavior was scored every 2 minutes using a modified Stress Ethogram (0–10 scale). Urine samples were collected via free-catch midstream and analyzed for pH, specific gravity, glucose, and the stress biomarker urinary cortisol-to-creatinine ratio (UCCR) . In cats, stress is a known trigger for
[Your Name], DVM, PhD Candidate; [Co-author], CAAB (Certified Applied Animal Behaviorist) Urine samples were collected via free-catch midstream and